SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (77, 82, 84, 85, 92, 93, 78, 75) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'vi'

Query time 0.00046

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
      "key": "product_id",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 8,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (77,82,84,85,92,93,78,75) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'vi'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description
75 <p>SHORT DESCRIPTION</p>
77 SHORT DESCRIPTION
78 SHORT DESCRIPTION
82 SHORT DESCRIPTION
84 SHORT DESCRIPTION
85 SHORT DESCRIPTION
92 SHORT DESCRIPTION
93 SHORT DESCRIPTION